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2023, 22(1): 1-11.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022084
Abstract:
The century-old choice of forestry development led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) runs through the century-old practice of forestry development in China, and internally reflects the change of the CPC and the country's understanding of the nature of forestry.According to the CPC and the country's choice of the forestry value function, forestry construction attitude, forestry development ideas, the centennial history of forestry development led by the CPC can be divided into the following stages: the difficult exploration stage of forestry in the revolutionary base areas (1927-1949), the initial development stage of forestry driven by the economy (1950-1977), the sustainable development stage of forestry taking into account ecology (1978-1997), the comprehensive promotion stage of forestry driven by ecology (1998-2011), and the green development stage of forestry guided by people's livelihood (since 2012).In the past hundred years since the founding of the CPC, the CPC and the country have constantly improved various policies and measures to support the development of forestry, focused on solving the prominent problems encountered in the course of forestry development, created and accumulated rich experience, which is of great enlightenment significance for further promoting the green development of forestry in the new era.
The century-old choice of forestry development led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) runs through the century-old practice of forestry development in China, and internally reflects the change of the CPC and the country's understanding of the nature of forestry.According to the CPC and the country's choice of the forestry value function, forestry construction attitude, forestry development ideas, the centennial history of forestry development led by the CPC can be divided into the following stages: the difficult exploration stage of forestry in the revolutionary base areas (1927-1949), the initial development stage of forestry driven by the economy (1950-1977), the sustainable development stage of forestry taking into account ecology (1978-1997), the comprehensive promotion stage of forestry driven by ecology (1998-2011), and the green development stage of forestry guided by people's livelihood (since 2012).In the past hundred years since the founding of the CPC, the CPC and the country have constantly improved various policies and measures to support the development of forestry, focused on solving the prominent problems encountered in the course of forestry development, created and accumulated rich experience, which is of great enlightenment significance for further promoting the green development of forestry in the new era.
2023, 22(1): 12-17.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022052
Abstract:
Agricultural and rural modernization is the focus and difficulty of Chinese-style modernization, and it is also the general goal of implementing the rural revitalization strategy. The Communist Party of China leads farmers to participate extensively and deeply in rural construction, which will help promote the process of agricultural and rural modernization. Sorting out the process of leading farmers to participate in rural construction and summarizing the basic experience will provide a useful reference for effectively playing the main role of farmers in the agricultural and rural modernization. The evolution process of the Communist Party of China leading farmers to participate in rural construction can be based on the founding of the People's Republic of China, the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the national abolition of agricultural tax in 2006, and the implementation of the "rural revitalization strategy" proposed by the Nineteenth National Congress as key nodes.It can be divided into five stages: mobilizing farmers to participate voluntarily, organizing farmers to participate in labor, levying one tax and two fees for full participation, implementing "one case one discussion", participating in fund-raising and labor raising, and exploring farmers' participation.During the 100-year history of the Communist Party of China leading farmers to participate in rural construction, we have formed the basic experience of always abiding by the leadership of the Communist Party of China, attaching importance to the main role of farmers, making overall plans to reduce farmers' burdens and increasing investment in rural construction, paying attention to farmers' wishes, and placing "three rural" (namely, agriculture, rural areas and rural residents) development in rural construction. In guiding farmers to actively participate in rural construction in the future, it is necessary to strengthen the leadership of the party, consolidate the leading position of rural grass-roots party organizations, reasonably guide farmers to participate, and gradually consolidate the main role of farmers in rural construction, closely follow the development theme of the times, and strengthening the target management of farmer's participation in rural construction.
Agricultural and rural modernization is the focus and difficulty of Chinese-style modernization, and it is also the general goal of implementing the rural revitalization strategy. The Communist Party of China leads farmers to participate extensively and deeply in rural construction, which will help promote the process of agricultural and rural modernization. Sorting out the process of leading farmers to participate in rural construction and summarizing the basic experience will provide a useful reference for effectively playing the main role of farmers in the agricultural and rural modernization. The evolution process of the Communist Party of China leading farmers to participate in rural construction can be based on the founding of the People's Republic of China, the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the national abolition of agricultural tax in 2006, and the implementation of the "rural revitalization strategy" proposed by the Nineteenth National Congress as key nodes.It can be divided into five stages: mobilizing farmers to participate voluntarily, organizing farmers to participate in labor, levying one tax and two fees for full participation, implementing "one case one discussion", participating in fund-raising and labor raising, and exploring farmers' participation.During the 100-year history of the Communist Party of China leading farmers to participate in rural construction, we have formed the basic experience of always abiding by the leadership of the Communist Party of China, attaching importance to the main role of farmers, making overall plans to reduce farmers' burdens and increasing investment in rural construction, paying attention to farmers' wishes, and placing "three rural" (namely, agriculture, rural areas and rural residents) development in rural construction. In guiding farmers to actively participate in rural construction in the future, it is necessary to strengthen the leadership of the party, consolidate the leading position of rural grass-roots party organizations, reasonably guide farmers to participate, and gradually consolidate the main role of farmers in rural construction, closely follow the development theme of the times, and strengthening the target management of farmer's participation in rural construction.
2023, 22(1): 18-24.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022063
Abstract:
WenZhenheng, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, mentioned in his book Annals of Superfluous Things , the definition of elegance and orthodoxy as a design guide for garden aesthetic, which has a prominent position in the history of Chinese garden aesthetic and still has a strong reference value. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of systematic summary of existing research. This paper takes this book as the blueprint, integrates the real situation, painting situation and artistic conception into the garden creation from the aesthetic point of view, and analyzes and summarizes the expression of the garden aesthetic ideal of "learning from painting" in the Annals of Superfluous Things in the modern garden design. In this way, it is advocated that modern landscape design should not only inherit the traditional taste and feelings and keep away from vulgarity, but also learn from the paintings and calligraphy works, and emphasize the creation of artistic conception to meet the growing spiritual needs of people, so that modern landscape planning and design can reflect the people-oriented spirit.
WenZhenheng, a writer of the Ming Dynasty, mentioned in his book Annals of Superfluous Things , the definition of elegance and orthodoxy as a design guide for garden aesthetic, which has a prominent position in the history of Chinese garden aesthetic and still has a strong reference value. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of systematic summary of existing research. This paper takes this book as the blueprint, integrates the real situation, painting situation and artistic conception into the garden creation from the aesthetic point of view, and analyzes and summarizes the expression of the garden aesthetic ideal of "learning from painting" in the Annals of Superfluous Things in the modern garden design. In this way, it is advocated that modern landscape design should not only inherit the traditional taste and feelings and keep away from vulgarity, but also learn from the paintings and calligraphy works, and emphasize the creation of artistic conception to meet the growing spiritual needs of people, so that modern landscape planning and design can reflect the people-oriented spirit.
2023, 22(1): 25-31.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021356
Abstract:
The construction of national parks should adhere to the public welfare of the whole people, provide people with opportunities to get close to nature, experience nature and feel nature, and fully reflect the concept of joint construction and sharing by the whole people. This paper introduces the basic situation of the first batch of national parks in China, analyzes the rationality and necessity of national park ticket fees, and then selects the United States, Canada, South Africa, Germany, the United Kingdom, South Korea and other countries as typical cases to analyze the charging standards of representative national parks. On this basis, it points out that China's national park ticket fees should adhere to the principles of public welfare, fairness, rationality, diversification and differentiation, and puts forward specific practices of ticket charging in national parks, in order to provide reference for the construction of national parks, so as to fully reflect the public welfare of national parks and meet the people's demand for beautiful ecological products.
The construction of national parks should adhere to the public welfare of the whole people, provide people with opportunities to get close to nature, experience nature and feel nature, and fully reflect the concept of joint construction and sharing by the whole people. This paper introduces the basic situation of the first batch of national parks in China, analyzes the rationality and necessity of national park ticket fees, and then selects the United States, Canada, South Africa, Germany, the United Kingdom, South Korea and other countries as typical cases to analyze the charging standards of representative national parks. On this basis, it points out that China's national park ticket fees should adhere to the principles of public welfare, fairness, rationality, diversification and differentiation, and puts forward specific practices of ticket charging in national parks, in order to provide reference for the construction of national parks, so as to fully reflect the public welfare of national parks and meet the people's demand for beautiful ecological products.
2023, 22(1): 32-42.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021266
Abstract:
The pro-environmental behaviors of tourists in national parks are of great significance to ecological protection. This paper was designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the formation of tourists' pro-environmental intentions in a national park context by merging the value-belief-norm theory and the expectancy theory into one theoretical framework, and uses structural equation modeling to verify theoretical hypotheses based on 382 valid questionnaires of tourists in Potatso National Park of China. The results show that personal norm and expectancy positively affect the intention of pro-environmental behavior. As a whole, the prosocial psychological factors (biospheric value, ecological worldview, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, personal norm) and the self-interested psychological factors (valence, instrumentality, expectancy) jointly promote tourists' pro-environmental behavior intentions. This study summarizes and verifies the prosocial and self-interest factors to improve tourists' pro-environmental behavior intention, provides a useful reference for formulating effective guidance strategies for tourists' pro-environmental behavior and sustainable development strategies of natural tourism destinations, and promotes the smooth implementation of China's green and low-carbon development national strategy.
The pro-environmental behaviors of tourists in national parks are of great significance to ecological protection. This paper was designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the formation of tourists' pro-environmental intentions in a national park context by merging the value-belief-norm theory and the expectancy theory into one theoretical framework, and uses structural equation modeling to verify theoretical hypotheses based on 382 valid questionnaires of tourists in Potatso National Park of China. The results show that personal norm and expectancy positively affect the intention of pro-environmental behavior. As a whole, the prosocial psychological factors (biospheric value, ecological worldview, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, personal norm) and the self-interested psychological factors (valence, instrumentality, expectancy) jointly promote tourists' pro-environmental behavior intentions. This study summarizes and verifies the prosocial and self-interest factors to improve tourists' pro-environmental behavior intention, provides a useful reference for formulating effective guidance strategies for tourists' pro-environmental behavior and sustainable development strategies of natural tourism destinations, and promotes the smooth implementation of China's green and low-carbon development national strategy.
2023, 22(1): 43-53.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021258
Abstract:
Promoting public participation is a practical move to strengthen wildlife conservation, while exploring public's intention to participate is a common practice when the participation behavior cannot be observed. This study focused on the saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica, saiga hereafter), an endangered species which is highly concerned by the international community. Based on the survey data from 536 young Chinese aged 16 ~ 40 years old and an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), we applied descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the intention to participate in the conservation of saiga and its influencing factors among young Chinese by attitude, norm, perceived behavioral control, conservation knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics. The results showed that: Respondents had a positive attitude towards saiga conservation, perceived the responsibility and social pressure to participate in the conservation, and their intention to participate was high, but had limited understanding of saiga and regarded it difficult to participate. Norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude, conservation knowledge and educational background positively and successively affected the intention, from strong to weak. Reliability and validity of the scale and the model fit were good, showing that the extended TPB was verified and could effectively explain the intention to participate in saiga conservation. To promote public participation in saiga conservation, it is suggested to strengthen science popularization and broaden the channels of participation.
Promoting public participation is a practical move to strengthen wildlife conservation, while exploring public's intention to participate is a common practice when the participation behavior cannot be observed. This study focused on the saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica, saiga hereafter), an endangered species which is highly concerned by the international community. Based on the survey data from 536 young Chinese aged 16 ~ 40 years old and an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), we applied descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the intention to participate in the conservation of saiga and its influencing factors among young Chinese by attitude, norm, perceived behavioral control, conservation knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics. The results showed that: Respondents had a positive attitude towards saiga conservation, perceived the responsibility and social pressure to participate in the conservation, and their intention to participate was high, but had limited understanding of saiga and regarded it difficult to participate. Norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude, conservation knowledge and educational background positively and successively affected the intention, from strong to weak. Reliability and validity of the scale and the model fit were good, showing that the extended TPB was verified and could effectively explain the intention to participate in saiga conservation. To promote public participation in saiga conservation, it is suggested to strengthen science popularization and broaden the channels of participation.
2023, 22(1): 54-63.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022035
Abstract:
In the process of national park construction, facing the goal of ecological protection and economic development, China has been actively seeking ways to realize the coordinated development of community and national park. Therefore, the development of gateway community has always been the focus of scholars in the research of national park. Ability construction is closely related to the development of the community, and the community is an important topic of community development. This study focused on the Qinghai part of the Qilian Mountain National Park, conducted in-depth interviews to collect data, and used the method of grounded theory, in order to determine factors that affect the capability enhancing of national park gateway community, and summarize their logical relationship. The study summarized 38 initial concepts and 14 categories that contain seven main categories. Five core categories are refined, including strengthening community participation, fostering organizational capacity, cooperation network, institutional guarantee, livelihood expansion and transformation. The methods of enhancing community capacity are proposed from the aspects of scientific policy, management mechanism and talent nurturing, in order to hope that gateway communities could develop together with national parks.
In the process of national park construction, facing the goal of ecological protection and economic development, China has been actively seeking ways to realize the coordinated development of community and national park. Therefore, the development of gateway community has always been the focus of scholars in the research of national park. Ability construction is closely related to the development of the community, and the community is an important topic of community development. This study focused on the Qinghai part of the Qilian Mountain National Park, conducted in-depth interviews to collect data, and used the method of grounded theory, in order to determine factors that affect the capability enhancing of national park gateway community, and summarize their logical relationship. The study summarized 38 initial concepts and 14 categories that contain seven main categories. Five core categories are refined, including strengthening community participation, fostering organizational capacity, cooperation network, institutional guarantee, livelihood expansion and transformation. The methods of enhancing community capacity are proposed from the aspects of scientific policy, management mechanism and talent nurturing, in order to hope that gateway communities could develop together with national parks.
2023, 22(1): 64-71.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022028
Abstract:
Technological progress is an important way to achieve carbon emission reduction, and its effect on the carbon emission effect of forest products trade in China needs to be further explored. Based on this, we selected woody forest products as a typical representative of forest products, and used the data of 27 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 2010 to 2019 in China to establish a dynamic panel model to explore the impact of wood forest product trade on carbon emissions in China through systematic GMM method, and analyzed the mechanism of different technological progress paths. The results show that the direct effect of trade in forest products leads to the increase of carbon emissions from forest products, which has a negative impact on the environment. While the technical effect has a positive impact, the technical aspects such as utilization efficiency still need to be improved. The intermediate effect test of the technology introduction path is established, while the independent innovation is not conspicuous, and it is confirmed that technological progress does not play an “intermediary role? but suppresses the direct negative impact of foreign trade on the environment instead. Based on the above-mentioned findings, we made further prospects for the sustainable development of forest products trade of China.
Technological progress is an important way to achieve carbon emission reduction, and its effect on the carbon emission effect of forest products trade in China needs to be further explored. Based on this, we selected woody forest products as a typical representative of forest products, and used the data of 27 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 2010 to 2019 in China to establish a dynamic panel model to explore the impact of wood forest product trade on carbon emissions in China through systematic GMM method, and analyzed the mechanism of different technological progress paths. The results show that the direct effect of trade in forest products leads to the increase of carbon emissions from forest products, which has a negative impact on the environment. While the technical effect has a positive impact, the technical aspects such as utilization efficiency still need to be improved. The intermediate effect test of the technology introduction path is established, while the independent innovation is not conspicuous, and it is confirmed that technological progress does not play an “intermediary role? but suppresses the direct negative impact of foreign trade on the environment instead. Based on the above-mentioned findings, we made further prospects for the sustainable development of forest products trade of China.
2023, 22(1): 72-79.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021268
Abstract:
Landscaping is an important component of low-carbon urban construction. In this paper, adopting the method of Differences-in-Differences, 141 prefecture-level cities in China are taken as samples to evaluate the influence of low-carbon city's pilot policies on the investment of landscaping construction, and to give a further analysis of the regional differences. The results show that, taking the demand of carbon sink and the low-carbon trend of landscaping construction as the orientation, the low-carbon city's implementation of pilot policy not only significantly increases the scale of investment in urban landscaping construction, but also has different influences on increasing investment in landscaping construction in various regions and cities. In terms of regional differences, under the influence of the policy, the investment in landscaping in the eastern and southern pilot cities increases remarkably compared with that in the non-pilot cities. From the perspective of city scale, the investment in landscaping construction has a significant increase in large and small cities, while it is not the case in medium-sized cities. Finally, some suggestions are put forward. According to the experience of low-carbon city pilot policies, local governments should be guided actively to make a series of policies on the perfect road-supporting green mechanism, and on the low-carbon investment system of landscaping in accordance with local conditions.
Landscaping is an important component of low-carbon urban construction. In this paper, adopting the method of Differences-in-Differences, 141 prefecture-level cities in China are taken as samples to evaluate the influence of low-carbon city's pilot policies on the investment of landscaping construction, and to give a further analysis of the regional differences. The results show that, taking the demand of carbon sink and the low-carbon trend of landscaping construction as the orientation, the low-carbon city's implementation of pilot policy not only significantly increases the scale of investment in urban landscaping construction, but also has different influences on increasing investment in landscaping construction in various regions and cities. In terms of regional differences, under the influence of the policy, the investment in landscaping in the eastern and southern pilot cities increases remarkably compared with that in the non-pilot cities. From the perspective of city scale, the investment in landscaping construction has a significant increase in large and small cities, while it is not the case in medium-sized cities. Finally, some suggestions are put forward. According to the experience of low-carbon city pilot policies, local governments should be guided actively to make a series of policies on the perfect road-supporting green mechanism, and on the low-carbon investment system of landscaping in accordance with local conditions.
2023, 22(1): 80-85.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022105
Abstract:
The crime of endangering precious and endangered wild animals is a new crime coming into effect from March 1, 2021.The establishment of this crime not only improves the public awareness of this crime and the convenience of judicial application, but also solves the confusion and difficulties in judicial practice as to whether the original crime needs to be punished for multiple crimes and the selection of the crime, which is of considerably positive significance. However, the nature of artificially bred wild animals, the characterization of the carcasses and organs of precious and endangered wild animals, and the determination of the subjective "knowledge" of the perpetrator of the act still need to be further discussed and clarified. The nature of artificially bred wild animals should be further clarified through typological provisions, and it needs to clarify that wild animal carcasses and organs are wild animal products and optimize the presumption process of the subjective "knowledge" of the object of the act, in order to further promote the scientific and perfect protection of the criminal law of precious and endangered wildlife resources.
The crime of endangering precious and endangered wild animals is a new crime coming into effect from March 1, 2021.The establishment of this crime not only improves the public awareness of this crime and the convenience of judicial application, but also solves the confusion and difficulties in judicial practice as to whether the original crime needs to be punished for multiple crimes and the selection of the crime, which is of considerably positive significance. However, the nature of artificially bred wild animals, the characterization of the carcasses and organs of precious and endangered wild animals, and the determination of the subjective "knowledge" of the perpetrator of the act still need to be further discussed and clarified. The nature of artificially bred wild animals should be further clarified through typological provisions, and it needs to clarify that wild animal carcasses and organs are wild animal products and optimize the presumption process of the subjective "knowledge" of the object of the act, in order to further promote the scientific and perfect protection of the criminal law of precious and endangered wildlife resources.
2023, 22(1): 86-92.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022085
Abstract:
Abundant research in environmental science, psychology and other related fields has shown that adults with different nature-contacted experiences in childhood often show certain differences in cognition and behavior. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to research on children's nature-contacted experiences in the field of tourism. In this study, a questionnaire survey was administered among 304 college students in Beijing to investigate the connection between tourism preferences in adulthood and nature-contacted experiences in childhood. The study investigated the implications of urban or rural growth background and the frequency, mode, environment, intensity, and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood for tourism preferences in adulthood as it relates to cognition, emotion, and intention. The results of questionnaire surveys revealed that: the mode, environment, intensity, and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood all appear to have certain influences on tourism preference in adulthood; neither growth background nor the frequency of nature-contacted experience shows a significant relationship with tourism preference in adulthood. Based on the results, this article puts forward some targeted suggestions on children's nature education and college students' tourism market development: children's nature education should be carried out in a real wild natural environment with moderate intensity, adults should guide children to have positive feelings towards nature; tourism marketing development should pay attention to how college students' demands for natural tourism products relate to their nature-contacted experiences in childhood.
Abundant research in environmental science, psychology and other related fields has shown that adults with different nature-contacted experiences in childhood often show certain differences in cognition and behavior. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to research on children's nature-contacted experiences in the field of tourism. In this study, a questionnaire survey was administered among 304 college students in Beijing to investigate the connection between tourism preferences in adulthood and nature-contacted experiences in childhood. The study investigated the implications of urban or rural growth background and the frequency, mode, environment, intensity, and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood for tourism preferences in adulthood as it relates to cognition, emotion, and intention. The results of questionnaire surveys revealed that: the mode, environment, intensity, and feeling of nature-contacted experiences in childhood all appear to have certain influences on tourism preference in adulthood; neither growth background nor the frequency of nature-contacted experience shows a significant relationship with tourism preference in adulthood. Based on the results, this article puts forward some targeted suggestions on children's nature education and college students' tourism market development: children's nature education should be carried out in a real wild natural environment with moderate intensity, adults should guide children to have positive feelings towards nature; tourism marketing development should pay attention to how college students' demands for natural tourism products relate to their nature-contacted experiences in childhood.
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