摘要: 目的通过对苦水玫瑰营养及活性成分进行全方面分析，确定其营养利用价值，为苦水玫瑰的精加工深加工、高附加值产品研究以及资源开发利用提供借鉴、�/sec> 方法本研究以原产地甘肃省兰州市永登县苦水镇苦水玫瑰和引种产地甘肃省庆阳市的玫瑰为实验材料，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱、气相色谱串联四极杆飞行时间质谱联用等技术手段，对苦水玫瑰中的总多糖、总黄酮、维生素C、矿质元素、脂肪酸和氨基酸等营养及活性成分进行了表征，并运用偏最小二乘法�?9项营养及活性指标进行分析判定、�/sec> 结果苦水玫瑰花瓣中总黄酮、总多糖、粗蛋白含量相对丰富，含有人体所需的常量元素和微量元素。苦水玫瑰花瓣中不饱和脂肪酸所占比重高于饱和脂肪酸；所含氨基酸种类丰富，鉴定出�?种人体必须氨基酸。原产地苦水玫瑰的总黄酮、总多糖、天冬氨酸、亚油酸、维生素C、谷氨酸、�?亚麻酸等37项指标的含量均高于引种产地玫瑰。总黄酮、粗蛋白是组成苦水玫瑰营养及活性成分的主要物质、�/sec> 结论苦水玫瑰营养和活性成分含量高、种类齐全，满足现代人对低脂肪、必需氨基酸摄入以及增加功能活性因子及微量元素的需求，利用价值高。甘肃省兰州市永登县苦水镇的苦水玫瑰在各项指标中的含量要高于甘肃省庆阳市，品质较好。研究结果为苦水玫瑰产品的资源开发利用提供理论基础和科学依据、�/sec>

关键诌�
• 苦水玫瑰/
• 营养及活性成刅�/a> /
• 全方面分枏�/a> /
• 差异性分枏�/a> /
• 营养利用价倻�/a>

Abstract: ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper was to clarify the nutritional value of Kushui rose ( Rosa setate× R. rugosa) by analyzing its nutrients and active ingredients in all aspects, and to study the differences between the origin and the introduced varieties, so as to provide reference for fine processing and deep processing of Kushui rose, research on high value-added products, and development and utilization of resources. MethodThe experimental materials were the original Kushui rose from Kushui Town, Yongdeng County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province and the introduced rose from Qingyang City, Gansu Province of northwestern China. The total polysaccharides, total flavonoids, vitamin C, mineral elements, fatty acids and amino acids in Kushui rose were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, gas chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and other conventional methods. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used to analyze and judge the 49 nutritional and activity indexes. ResultThe contents of total flavonoids, total polysaccharides and crude protein in the petals of Kushui rose were relatively rich. It contained macro and micro elements needed by the human body. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the petals of Kushui rose was higher than that of saturated fatty acids. There were many kinds of amino acids in Kushui rose, and 7 kinds of essential amino acids had been identified. The content of 37 indexes of Kushui rose from the origin was higher than that of the rose from the introduction origin, such as total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, aspartic acid, linoleic acid, vitamin C, glutamic acid α-linolenic acid, etc. Total flavonoids and crude protein were the main components of the nutrient and active ingredients of Kushui rose. ConclusionKushui rose has a high content of nutrients and active ingredients and a wide range of varieties, which can meet the needs of modern people for low fat, essential amino acid intake and increasing functional active factors and trace elements. It has a high utilization value. The content of various indexes of Kushui rose from the origin is higher than that from the introduced areas, and the quality is better. The research results provide a theoretical basis and reference for the development and utilization of Kushui rose resources and the introduction of varieties.

Key words:
• Kushui rose (Rosa setate × R. rugosa)/
• nutrition and active ingredients/
• comprehensive analysis/
• difference analysis/
• nutritional value

�?nbsp; 1原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰营养及活性成分含野�/p>

KS代表甘肃省兰州市永登县苦水镇苦水玫瑰；QY代表甘肃省庆阳市玫瑰。不同小写字母代表差异显著（P< 0.05）。下同。KS represents Kushui rose planted in Kushui Town, Yongdeng County, Lanzhou City of Gansu Province; QY represents roses planted in Qingyang City of Gansu Province. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P< 0.05). The same as below.

Figure 1.Contents of nutrients and active ingredients in Kushui rose from the original and introduced areas

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�?nbsp; 2原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰矿质元素含量

Figure 2.Contents of mineral elements in Kushui rose from the original and introduced areas

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�?nbsp; 318种氨基酸混标液相色谱国�/p>

Figure 3.LC chromatogram of standard mixture of 18 amino acids

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�?nbsp; 4KS氨基酸液相色谱图

Figure 4.LC chromatogram of amino acids of KS

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�?nbsp; 5QY氨基酸液相色谱图

Figure 5.LC chromatogram of amino acids of QY

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�?nbsp; 6原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰氨基酸液相色谱图对比

Figure 6.Comparison of LC chromatograms of amino acids of Kushui rose from the original and introduced areas

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�?nbsp; 7原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰49种指标PCA 分析（a）和 PLS-DA 分析（b（�/p>

Figure 7.PCA analysis (a) and PLS-DA analysis (b) of 36 indexes in Kushui roses from the original and introduced areas

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�?nbsp; 1梯度洗脱程序

Table 1.Gradient elution procedure

时间 Time/min	流动相A占比 Percentage of mobile phase A/%
0 ~ 1	94
1 ~ 18	94 ~ 85
18 ~ 30	85 ~ 65
30 ~ 35	65 ~ 45
35 ~ 55	45 ~ 94
55 ~ 60	94

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�?nbsp; 2原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰脂肪酸含野�/p>

Table 2.Contents of fatty acids in Kushui rose from the original and introduced areas

序号 Serial No.	脂肪酸种籺�br/> Fatty acid type	百分含量 Percentage content/%
		KS	QY
1	肉豆蔻酸 Myristic acid	0.91 ± 0.05b	1.24 ± 0.14a
2	棕榈� Palmitic acid	12.18 ± 1.11a	10.12 ± 0.80a
3	十七烷酸 Heptadecanoic acid	1.15 ± 0.13b	2.74 ± 0.62a
4	10-�?十七碳烯�cis-10-heptadecenoic acid#	1.04 ± 0.09a	0.48 ± 0.07b
5	硬脂� Stearic acid	10.13 ± 2.45a	8.45 ± 1.74a
6	油酸 Oleic acid#	1.96 ± 0.33a	1.96 ± 0.51a
7	亚油� Linoleic acid#	26.13 ± 3.98a	22.91 ± 1.83a
8	γ-亚麻� γ-linolenic acid#	1.79 ± 0.49a	3.18 ± 0.92a
9	α-亚麻� α-linolenic acid#	18.97 ± 3.03a	17.32 ± 1.66a
10	花生� Arachidic acid	3.58 ± 0.75a	3.14 ± 1.01a
11	山嵛� Behenic acid	1.82 ± 0.08a	2.64 ± 0.86a
12	13,16-�?二十二碳二烯�cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid#	12.01 ± 2.31a	14.21 ± 1.99a
13	二十三烷� Tricosanoic acid	8.33 ± 1.41a	11.63 ± 2.58a
注：同一行中不同小写字母代表差异显著＇�i>P< 0.05）； �?”为不饱和脂肪酸。Notes: in the same line, different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P< 0.05). �?� represents unsaturated fatty acid.

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�?nbsp; 3原产地和引种产地苦水玫瑰氨基酸含野�/p>

Table 3.Contents of amino acids in Kushui rose from the original and introduced areas

序号 Serial No.	氨基酸种籺�br/>Amino acid type	含量 Content/（mg·g�?（�/td>
		KS	QY
1	赖氨� Lysine*	3.74 ± 0.80a	2.54 ± 0.33a
2	精氨� Arginine	5.09 ± 0.18a	4.04 ± 0.90a
3	组氨� Histidine*	5.10 ± 0.77a	3.58 ± 0.49b
4	天冬酰胺 Asparagine	1.69 ± 0.59a	1.37 ± 0.61a
5	丝氨� Serine	1.27 ± 0.11a	0.83 ± 0.10b
6	甘氨� Glycine	1.04 ± 0.32a	0.81 ± 0.11a
7	天冬氨酸 Aspartic acid	7.04 ± 1.03a	3.67 ± 0.47b
8	谷氨� Glutamic acid	7.21 ± 0.96a	5.30 ± 0.27b
9	γ-氨基丁酸 γ-aminobutyric acid	0.83 ± 0.13a	0.81 ± 0.07a
10	脯氨� Proline	0.15 ± 0.03a	0.21 ± 0.06a
11	丙氨� Alanine	0.24 ± 0.05a	0.07 ± 0.01b
12	酪氨� Tyrosine	3.24 ± 1.05a	2.08 ± 0.89a
13	甲硫氨酸 Methionine*	4.00 ± 0.26a	2.51 ± 0.07b
14	缬氨� Valine*	3.54 ± 0.76a	1.34 ± 0.46b
15	亮氨� Leucine*	1.78 ± 0.73a	1.12 ± 0.14a
16	异亮氨酸 Isoleucine*	0.34 ± 0.10a	0.32 ± 0.10a
17	苯丙氨酸 Phenylalanine*	0.06 ± 0.03a	0.02 ± 0.01a
注：同一行中不同小写字母代表差异显著＇�i>P< 0.05）；�?”为必需氨基酸。Notes: different lowercase letters in the same line represent significant differences (P< 0.05). �?� represents essential amino acid.

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