摘要: 目的明确巨尾桉挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）成分和气味特征，阐明其来源和释放机理，为巨尾桉的科学利用提供参考、�/sec> 方法利用气相色谱–质谱–嗅闻（GC-MS-O）技术，测试不同含水率下巨尾桉心材和边材释放的VOCs成分、气味化合物气味特征和气味强度等指标、�/sec> 结果巨尾桉共释放41种VOCs，其�?3种是气味化合物，桉叶油醇、樟脑、莰烯是巨尾桉释放的主要单体气味化合物，且巨尾桉心材和边材释放的萜类气味物质差异显著，龙脑和γ-松油烯仅存在于巨尾桉心材。木材含水率显著影响巨尾桉气味化合物中萜类、醛类、烃类和醇类等组分的释放，随着含水率的降低，边材气味化合物释放量总体上呈现下降趋势，心材气味化合释放量则表现出先升高后降低的规律；受含水率的影响边材释放物中质量浓度变化显著的组分是萜类和醛类化合物，而心材释放物中变化明显的组分是萜类和醇类。含水率高于30%时，心材气味化合物释放量显著高于边材，含水率10% ~ 30%时则释放量明显低于边材。萜类是构成VOCs和气味化合物的最大组分，释放出樟脑气味和松香味。醛类化合物是第二大组分，主要贡献果香味。樟脑和果香气味是巨尾桉的主要气味特征，甜花香、杏仁油、松香、皮革等气味起修饰作用。随着含水率降低，巨尾桉边材和心材的气味强度呈现先升高后降低的趋势，边材受含水率影响波动幅度最大的气味特征是果香，而心材受影响最大的则是樟脑味。相较于刚采伐的巨尾桉释放出强烈的樟脑味，干燥处理后，樟脑味减弱，与果香相辅相成、�/sec> 结论巨尾桉释放出了丰富的萜类化合物，可以有助于抗炎杀菌，对人体有保健作用；干燥后木材散发出的气味可以使居住者感到轻松愉悦、精神饱满，适合应用于室内和康复景观中、�/sec>

关键诌�
• 巨尾案�/a> /
• 含水玆�/a> /
• 边材/
• 心材/
• 气味化合�?/a> /
• 气味特征

Abstract: ObjectiveCompositions, odor characteristics, sources and release mechanisms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Eucalyptus grandis× E. urophyllawoods were clarified in this paper. It could provide reference for the scientific utilization of wood. MethodChemical components, odor characteristics and odor intensity of VOCs released from heartwood and sapwood with different moisture contents were detected via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O). ResultIn total, 41 substances were successfully identified. Among them, 13 species were odor-active compounds. The main odorants were eucalyptol, camphor and camphene. Terpenoid odorants emitted from sapwood and heartwood were significantly different, such as borneol and γ-terpinen only detected from heartwood. Terpenoids, aldehydes, hydrocarbons and alcohols composing odor-active compounds emitted from E. grandis× E. urophyllawoods were dramatically impacted by wood moisture content. With the decrease in moisture content, the total mass concentrations of odor-active compounds released from sapwood decreased in general, while those released from heartwood firstly increased and then decreased. In all the components, the concentrations of terpenoids and aldehydes had significant changes under the influence of sapwood moisture content, and that was terpenoids and alcohols for heartwood. When wood moisture contents were higher than 30%, the amount of odorants from heartwood was significantly higher than sapwood, and it was in the opposite direction at 10%�?0% moisture contents. Terpenoids were the most component of odorants, showing smell of camphor and pine aroma. Aldehydes were the second largest component and contributed mainly to fruit flavor. The odour attributes of E . grandis× E. urophyllatimber were mainly camphor and fruit aromas, accompanied by sweet fragrance, almond oil aroma, pine aroma, leather aroma and other scents. With the decrease of moisture content, the odor intensity of odorants form sapwood and heartwood increased at first and then decreased. The fruit flavor fluctuated most significantly for sapwood, whereas the camphor flavor was for heartwood when moisture contents were changed. Compared with the fresh eucalyptus with a strong camphor flavor, camphor odor intensity was reduced and together with the fruit flavor after wood drying treatment. ConclusionAbundant terpenoids emitted from E. grandis × E. urophyllawoods are beneficial to sterilization, anti-inflammation and health. These odors from well-seasoned wood could make residents feel relaxed and freshened. Therefore, E. grandis× E. urophyllawood is suitable for application in the indoor and rehabilitation landscapes.

Key words:
• Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla/
• moisture content/
• sapwood/
• heartwood/
• odor-active compounds/
• odor attribute

�?nbsp; 1不同含水率下巨尾桉VOCs和气味化合物（OCs）质量浓�?/p>

Figure 1.Mass concentrations of VOCs and odor-active compounds (OCs) fromE. grandis×E.urophyllawood with different moisture contents

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 2不同含水率下巨尾桉边材和心材气味强度与气味特�?/p>

Figure 2.Characteristics and intensity of odor-active compounds fromE. grandis×E. urophyllasapwood and heartwood with different moisture contents

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 3巨尾桉气味特�?/p>

Figure 3.Odor characteristics ofE. grandis×E. urophylla

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 4巨尾桉气味化合物主成分（PC）分析图

Figure 4.Principal component (PC) analysis of odor-active compounds fromE. grandis×E. urophyllawood

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 1不同含水率下巨尾桉边材和心材释放的有机化合物（VOCs（�/p>

Table 1.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted fromEucalyptus grandis×E. urophyllasapwood and heartwood with different moisture contents

化合物分籺�br/>Classification of compounds	心材和边材共有化合物 Common compounds from heartwood and sapwood	边材特有化合� Characteristic compounds from sapwood	心材特有化合� Characteristic compounds from heartwood
萜类 Terpenoid	α-蒎烯 α-pinene、莰� Camphene、�?水芹� α-phellandrene、�?松油� β-terpinene、�?月桂� α-myrcene�?-蒈烯3-carene、D-柠檬� D-limonene、�?榄香� δ-elemene、古巴烯 Copaene、�?榄香� β-elemene、石竹烯 Caryophyllene、�?香柠檬烯trans-α-bergamotene、�?古芸� α-gurjunene、花柏烯 Chamigren、异喇叭� Isoledene、桉叶油� Eucalyptol、樟� Camphor�?-萜品�?-terpineol、�?松油� α-terpineol	α-毕澄茄油� α-cubebene�?br/>α-愈创木烯 α-guaiene�?br/>α-雪松� α-himachalene�?br/>α-檀香烯 α-santalene�?br/>柏木� Cedrene�?br/>α-橄榄� α-maaliene�?br/>α-律草� α-humulene	γ-松油� γ-terpinen�?br/>龙脑 Borneol
醛类 Aldehyde	己醛 Hexanal、辛� Octanal、苯甲醛 Benzaldehyde、壬� Nonanal�?br/>癸醛 Decanal
烃类 Hydrocarbon	3-甲基-2-庚烯 3-methyl-2-heptene�?-甲基-2-�?-甲基乙基�?�?br/>1-methyl-2-�?-methylethyl�?benzene�?-亚甲�?1H-� 1-methylene-1H-indene、十四烷 Tetradecane	3,4-二甲�?2-戊烯 3,4-dimethyl-2-pentene	3-甲基-3-庚烯 3-methyl-3-heptene
醇类 Alcohol	2-乙基-1-己醇 2-ethyl-1-hexanol
酮类 Ketone	苯乙� Acetophenone

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�?nbsp; 2不同含水率下巨尾桉边材和心材释放的气味物�?/p>

Table 2.Odor compounds fromE. grandis×E. urophyllasapwood and heartwood with different moisture contents

化合物名�?br/>Compound name	气味描述 Odor description	不同含水率下边材释放气味化合�?br/>Odor compounds from sapwood with different moisture contents												不同含水率下心材释放气味化合�?br/>Odor compounds from heartwood with different moisture contents
		质量浓度 Mass concentration/(μg·m�?)						气味强度 Odor intensity						质量浓度 Mass concentration/(μg·m�?)						气味强度 Odor intensity
		80%	50%	30%	10%	5%		80%	50%	30%	10%	5%		80%	50%	30%	10%	5%		80%	50%	30%	10%	5%
1-亚甲�?1H-茙�br/>1-methylene-1H-indene	大米呲�br/>Rice flavor	∑�/td>	10.97	9.88	7.62	4.67		∑�/td>	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.2		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	2.58	2.19	3.83		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	1.0	1.0	1.1
十四烶�br/>Tetradecane	皮革呲�br/>Leather flavor	∑�/td>	32.23	8.58	7.04	5.88		∑�/td>	2.6	1.3	1.3	1.2		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	2.87	2.73		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	1.0	1.0
己醛 Hexanal	青草果香 Aroma of grass and fruity	10.49	15.97	8.31	9.32	∑�/td>		2.0	2.2	1.8	2.0	∑�/td>		3.53	2.38	3.09	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		1.2	1.0	1.2	∑�/td>	∑�/td>
辛醛 Octanal	果香酸味 Fruit and acidity flavor	9.44	4.48	1.99	4.34	∑�/td>		2.0	1.3	1.0	1.3	∑�/td>		∑�/td>	2.21	2.85	2.95	3.09		∑�/td>	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.4
苯甲醚�br/>Benzaldehyde	杏仁油味 Almond oil flavor	9.45	7.72	6.97	6.64	∑�/td>		1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	∑�/td>		2.53	2.52	2.79	2.24	3.53		1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
壬醛 Nonanal	果香酸味 Fruit and acidity flavor	9.56	14.06	8.18	7.58	4.39		1.5	1.8	1.5	1.1	1.1		3.34	3.10	2.81	2.26	3.11		1.2	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.0
癸醛 Decanal	柑橘 Citrus	6.94	8.08	6.89	6.98	4.97		1.2	1.5	1.2	1.5	1.0		3.02	2.50	2.49	2.20	2.91		1.2	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.0
莰烯 Camphene	薄荷，酸刺激 Mint, pungent	10.03	5.97	7.26	4.52	3.22		1.8	1.6	1.8	1.5	1.2		2.88	4.64	2.71	2.02	∑�/td>		1.2	1.4	1.2	1.0	∑�/td>
γ-松油�?br/>γ-terpinen	松香 Pine aroma	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		2.76	3.55	2.59	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		1.0	1.0	1.0	∑�/td>	∑�/td>
桉叶油醇 Eucalyptol	樟脑 Camphor	88.69	49.89	17.22	15.60	10.99		1.8	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.0		201.15	230.69	36.55	10.40	6.93		3.0	3.3	1.5	1.4	1.0
樟脑 Camphor	樟脑 Camphor	38.41	11.98	13.90	15.09	12.35		3.0	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8		64.22	49.08	17.30	6.65	4.24		3.3	3.1	3.0	1.5	1.3
龙脑 Borneol	樟脑 Camphor	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		2.54	2.25	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>		1.0	1.0	∑�/td>	∑�/td>	∑�/td>
2-乙基-1-己醇 2-ethyl-1-hexanol	甜花香味 Sweet fragrance flavor	0.00	0.00	15.94	28.00	3.92		0.0	0.0	1.8	2.0	1.1		6.52	6.72	6.96	4.04	22.78		1.4	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.8

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