- 1.
平顶山学院,河南省生态经济型木本植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,河 平顶 467000
- 2.
中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京 100091
- 3.
河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南省黄河流域生态工程技术研究中心,河南 新乡 453007
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2021ZK001-1),国家自然科学基金青年项目?2101504),博士人才科研启动课题(校20210034(/div>
详细信息
惠刚盈,研究员。主要研究方向:森林经营理论与技术、森林结构。Email9a href="//www.inggristalk.com/j/article/doi/10.12171/mailto:Hui@caf.ac.cn">Hui@caf.ac.cn 地址?00091北京市颐和园后中国林业科学研究院林业研究所
胡艳波,副研究员。主要研究方向:森林经营理论与技术、森林结构。Email9a href="//www.inggristalk.com/j/article/doi/10.12171/mailto:hyanbo@caf.ac.cn">hyanbo@caf.ac.cn 地址:同三/span>
-
计量
- 文章访问?178
- HTML全文浏览野59
- PDF下载野67
- 被引次数:0
出版历程
- 收稿日期:2022-07-13
- 录用日期:2022-12-01
- 修回日期:2022-10-24
- 网络出版日期:2022-12-03
A study on the method quantifying the spatial structural diversity of forest stands based on 4 neighborhood trees relationships
- Hui Gangying1, 2,,
- Zhao Zhonghua2,
- Hu Yanbo2,,,
- Zhang Ganggang3,
- Zhang Gongqiao2,
- Cheng Shiping1,
- Lu Yanlei2
- 1.
Pingdingshan University, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
- 2.
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091
- 3.
Henan Normal University, College of Life Science, Ecological Governance and Protection Research Center of Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
摘要:
目的深入剖析林分空间结构参数4元分布的生态意义,构筑基于相邻木关系的林分空间结构多样性综合评价指数,为制订有的放矢的森林结构调整策略提供理论依据、/sec>
方法基于生物多样性概念,以参照树与其最近的4株相邻木组成的结构单元为对象,有机整合结构参数角尺度、混交度、大小比数和密集度的4元分布及结构单元树种数和林层数,运用遗传绝对距离公式、自然对数分别表达结构单元类型均匀性和丰富度,构造表达林分空间结构多样性测度指数,并运用长期定位监测样地数据进行验证、/sec>
结果运用本研究提出的林分空间结构多样性指数(FSD)对处于不同气候带或不同起源的森林类型的空间结构多样性测度表明,锐齿栎天然林的FSD值(0.854)与阔叶红松林的FSD值(0.852)几乎相等,二者具有相似的空间结构多样性。侧柏人工林结构参数4元分布类型较多,高于锐齿栎天然林和红松阔叶林,但其空间结构多样性为3个林分类型中最低的(FSD = 0.382),主要原因是其垂直结构(FSD
v= 0.369)和水平结构(FSD
h= 0.562)多样性方面都比两类天然林低。结构单元中的平均树种数表现为天然林高于人工林,锐齿栎天然林?.23,阔叶红松天然林?.09,而侧柏人工林则为1.98,结构单元树种数能充分体现结构单元树种丰富程度、/sec>
结论林分空间结构参数4元分布、结构单元树种数和林层数三者的有机整合是构造有效的林分空间结构多样性指数的基石。基于生物多样性概念提出的林分空间结构多样性指数FSD,既是对结构参数4元分布合适的量化表达,也是对结构参数4元分布生态意义恰当的诠释,更是对林分空间结构多样性的科学综合评价,能够测度出不同林分类型林分空间结构多样性的差异、/sec>
Abstract:
ObjectiveThe ecological significance of 4-variate distribution of stand spatial structure parameters was deeply analyzed and a comprehensive evaluation index of stand spatial structure diversity based on the relationship between adjacent trees was constructed to provide a theoretical basis for formulating targeted forest structure adjustment strategies.
MethodBased on the concept of biodiversity, taking the structural unit which composed by reference tree and its nearest four adjacent trees as the object, organically integrate the 4-variate distribution of structural parameters of uniform angle index, mingling, neighborhood comparison and crowding, as well as the number of structural unit trees and forest layers, the genetic absolute distance formula and natural logarithm are used to express the evenness and richness of structural unit types, respectively, and the stand spatial structure diversity index was constructed. The validity of the index was verified by using the long-term positioning monitoring sample plot data
ResultUsed the stand spatial structure diversity index (FSD) proposed in this study to measure the spatial structure diversity of forest types in different climatic zones or different origins show that the FSD values of
Quercus alienavar.
acutiserratanatural forest (0.854) and broad-leaved
Pinus koraiensisforest (0.852) were almost the same, indicating that the two forest stands have similar spatial structural diversity. The 4-variate distribution types of
Platycladus orientalisplantation was higher than other natural forest, however, its spatial structural diversity (FSD = 0.382) was the lowest in the three stand types, mainly due to its lower diversity in both vertical (FSD
v= 0.369) and horizontal (FSD
h= 0.562) structure than the two natural forest stands. The average number of tree species in the structural units was higher in natural forest than in plantation, with 4.23 in
Quercus alienavar
. acutiserrataforest, 4.09 in
Pinus koraiensisforest, and 1.98 in
Platycladus orientalisplantation. The number of tree species in a structural unit fully demonstrate species richness of the structural unit.
ConclusionThe integration of the three numbers including 4-variate distribution of stand spatial structure parameters, the number of tree species and number of forest layers in structure unit, lays the foundation for constructing a valid spatial structure diversity index for forest stands. The stand spatial structural diversity index (FSD), based on the concept of biodiversity, is not only a feasible quantitative expression of the 4-variate distribution of structural parameters, but also is an appropriate interpretation of the ecological significance of the 4-variate distribution of structural parameters, and a comprehensive scientific evaluation of the spatial structural diversity of the stand. The index is able to measure the difference of stand spatial structure diversity of different stand types.
[2]Forrester D I, Bauhus J. A review of processes behind diversity-productivity relationships in forests[J]. Current Forestry Reports, 2016, 2(1): 45?1.
doi:10.1007/s40725-016-0031-2
[3]Aussenac R, Bergeron Y, Gravel D, et al. Interactions among trees: a key element in the stabilising effect of species diversity on forest growth[J]. Functional Ecology, 2019, 33(2): 360?67.
doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13257
[4]惠刚? 赵中? 张弓? ? 结构化森林经营理论与实践[M]. 北京: 科学出版? 2020.
Hui G Y, Zhao Z H, Zhang G Q, et al. Theory and practice of structure-based forest management[M]. Beijing: Science Press. 2020.
[5]Spies T A. Forest structure: a key to the ecosystem[J]. Northwest Science, 1998, 72: 34?9.
[6]Franklin J F, Spies T A, Pelt V R, et al. Disturbances and structural development of natural forest ecosystems with silvicultural implications, using Douglas-fir forests as an example[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2002, 155(1?): 399?23.
doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00575-8
[7]Pommerening A. 2006. Evaluating structural indices by reversing forest structural analysis[J]. Forest Ecology and Management. 224(3): 266-277.
[8]惠刚? 克劳斯·冯佳多, 胡艳? ? 结构化森林经营[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版? 2007
Hui G Y, Klaus K V, Hu Y B, et al. Structrue-based forest management[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing Press, 2007.
[9]Gadow K V, Zhang C Y, Wehenkel C, et al. Forest structure and disversity//[M]. Contionus cover forestry. Berlin: Springer Netherlands, 2012: 29?83.
[10]Ali A. Forest stand structure and functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges[J]. Ecological Informatics, 2019, 98: 665?77.
[11]Fichtner A, HäRdtle W, Bruelheide H, et al. Neighbourhood interactions drive overyielding in mixed-species tree communities[J]. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 1144.
doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03529-w
[12]Hui, G Y, Wang, Y, Zhang, G Q, et al. A novel approach for assessing the neighborhood competition in two different aged forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2018, 422: 49?8.
doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.03.045
[13]Pommerening A, Grabarnik P. Individual-based Methods in Forest Ecology and Management[M]. Springer International Publishing, 2019.
[14]Zhang G, Hui G, Hu Y, et al. Designing near-natural planting patterns for plantation forests in China[J]. Forest Ecosystems, 2019, 6(3): 60?2.
[15]惠刚? 基于相邻木关系的林分空间结构参数应用研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2013, 35(4): 1?.
doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.2013.04.015
Hui G Y. Studies on the application of stand spatial structure parameters based on the relationship of neighborhood trees[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2013, 35(4): 1?.
doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.2013.04.015
[16]Li Y F, Hui G Y, Zhao Z H, et al. The bivariate distribution characteristics of spatial structure in natural Korean pine broad-leaved forest[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2012, 23(6): 1180?190.
[17]白超. 空间结构参数及其在锐齿栎天然林结构动态分析中的应用[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究? 2016.
Bai C. Spatial structure parameters and the application on studying structure dynamics of natural
Quercus aliena var. acuteserrataforest[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2013.
[18]张岗? 天然林结构解译及林分状态综合评价[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究? 2020.
Zhang G G. Natural forest structure interpretation and forest state comprehensive evaluation[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2020.
[19]安慧? 阔叶红松林空间结构研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2003.
An H J. Study on the spatial structure of the broad-leaved Korean Pine forest[D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2003.
[20]惠刚? 赵中? 袁士? 森林经营模式评价方法: 以甘肃小陇山林区为例[J]. 林业科学, 2011, 47(11): 114?20.
doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111118
Hui G Y, Zhao Z H, Yuan S Y. Evaluation method of forest management models: a case study of Xiaolongshan forest area in Gansu Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(11): 114?20.
doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20111118
[21]袁士? 甘肃省小陇山现有林分经营模式评价研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究? 2010.
Yuan S Y. Evaluation of existing forest management models in Xiaolongshan, Gansu Province[M]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2010.
[22]Kovács B, Tinya F, ódor P. Stand structural drivers of microclimate in mature temperate mixed forests[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2017, 234-235: 11?1.
doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.11.268
[23]Neumann M, Starlinger F. The significance of different indices for stand structure and diversity in forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2001, 145(1): 91?06.
[24]胡艳? 基于结构化森林经营的天然异龄林空间优化经营模型研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究? 2010.
Hu Y B. Structure-based spatial optimization management model for natural uneven-aged forest[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2010.
[25]汤孟? 娄明? 陈永? ? 不同混交度指数的比较分析[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(8): 46?3.
doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20120808
Tang M P, Lou M H, Chen Y G, et al. Comparative Analyses on Different Mingling Indices.[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(8): 46?3.
doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20120808
[26]Hui G Y, Zhao X H, Zhao Z H, et al. Evaluating tree species spatial diversity based on neighborhood relationships[J]. Forest Science, 2011, 57(4): 292?00.
[27]王宏? 胡艳? 赵中? 树种空间多样性指?
TSS)的简洁预估方法[J]. 西北林学院学? 2013, 28(4): 184?87.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.04.38
Wang H X, Hu Y B, Zhao Z H. A simple method for the estimation of tree species spatial diversity index (
TSS)[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2013, 28(4): 184?87.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2013.04.38
[28]Zhao Z H, Hui G Y, Liu W Z, et al. A novel method for calculating stand structural diversity based on the relationship of adjacent trees[J]. Forests, 2022, 13: 343.
doi:10.3390/f13020343
[29]惠刚? 赵中? 胡艳? 结构化森林经营技术指南[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版? 2010.
Hui G Y, Zhao Z H, Hu Y B. A guide to structure-based forest management[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing Press, 2010.
[30]张岗? 刘瑞? 惠刚? ? 林分空间结构参数
N元分布及其诠釉 以小陇山锐齿栎天然混交林为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(4): 21?1.
Zhang G G, Liu R H, Hui G Y, et al.
N-variate distribution and its annotation on forest spatial structural parameters: a case study of
Quercus alienavar.
acuteserratanatural mixed forest in Xiaolong Mountains, Gansu Province of northwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(4): 21?1.
[31]惠刚? 李丽, 赵中? ? 林木空间分布格局分析方法[J]. 生态学? 2007, 27(11): 4717?728.
doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.11.040
Hui G Y, Li L, Zhao Z H, et al. The comparison of methods in analysis of the tree spatial distribution pattern[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(11): 4717?728.
doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.11.040
[32]李远? 赵中? 胡艳? ? 天然林经营效果评价方法及其应用[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(2): 123?29.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2012.02.003
Li Y F, Zhao Z H, Hu Y B, et al. Evaluating natural forest management efficiency[J]. Forest Research, 2012, 25(2): 123?29.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2012.02.003
[33]张连? 胡艳? 赵中? ? 北京九龙山侧柏人工林空间结构多样性[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(1): 60?9.
doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2015.0010
Zhang L J, Hu Y B, Zhao Z H, et al. Spatial structure diversity of
Platycladus orientalisplantation in Beijing Jiulong Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(1): 60?9.
doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2015.0010
[34]惠刚? 克劳斯·冯佳多, ? 结构化森林经营原理[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版? 2016.
Hui G Y, Klaus K V, et al. Principles of structure-based forest management[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing Press, 2016.
[35]Fisher R A, Corbet A S, Williams C B. The relation between the number of species and the number of individualsi n a random sample of an animal population[J]. The Journal of Animal Ecology, 1943, 12(1): 42.
doi:10.2307/1411
[36]Zhang G Q, Hui G Y, Zhao Z H, et al. Composition of basal area in natural forests based on the uniform angle index[J]. Ecological Informatics, 2018, 45: 1?.
doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.01.002