摘要: 目的探究榕透翅毒蛾对不同榕属植物的寄主偏好性和选择性，为榕透翅毒蛾的防治提供科学依据、�/sec> 方法以广州市4种榕透翅毒蛾寄主植物（黄金榕、高山榕、垂叶榕、小叶榕）为对象，分析榕透翅毒蛾取食不同榕树叶片后的生长发育和摄食量等指标、�/sec> 结果不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫龄期存在差异，黄金榕5 ~ 7龄，高山榕、小叶榕和垂叶榕6 ~ 8龄；垂叶榕饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫发育历期最长，而黄金榕饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫发育历期最短；在榕透翅毒蛾幼虫发育的每一龄级，以黄金榕饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫体长、体质量和排泄物鲜质量最大；黄金榕饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫2 ~ 7龄头壳宽最宽（1龄头壳高山榕最宽）；黄金榕和高山榕饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫存活率显著高于垂叶榕和小叶榕；幼虫取食黄金榕的榕透翅毒蛾雌成虫寿命最长，而取食高山榕的雄成虫寿命最长，雌成虫预卵期最短，单雌产卵量最多；1 ~ 4龄幼虫取食黄金榕�?龄幼虫更偏爱取食高山榕，而取食其�?种榕树的5龄幼虫寄主偏好性不明显、�/sec> 结论榕透翅毒蛾�?种榕树的偏好性和选择性存在显著的差异，其中黄金榕和高山榕比垂叶榕和小叶榕更适合榕透翅毒蛾幼虫生长发育、�/sec>

关键诌�
• 榕透翅毒蛾/
• 榕属植物/
• 发育历期/
• 存活玆�/a> /
• 取食偏好

Abstract: ObjectiveIn this paper, the host preference and selectivity of Perina nudato different Ficusspecies were investigated to provide scientific basis for the control of Perina nuda. Method4 species of host trees ( Ficus macrocarpa, F. altissima, F. benjaminaand F. concinna) in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province of southern China were selected to feed P. nudaand the growth, development and feeding amount of P. nudaafter feeding on different leaves of banyan were analyzed. ResultThere were differences in the larval instars of P. nudareared by different banyan trees. During larval instar, P. nudafed on F. microcarpawas 5th to 7th instar, that fed on F. altissima, F. concinnaand F. benjaminawere 6th to 8th instar. The development period of larval of P. nudafed on F. benjaminawas longest while the shortest period was the P. nudafed on F. microcarpa. Additionally, body length, body mass and fecal mass of P. nudalarval fed on F. microcarpawere at the top among 4 banyan species. In the meanwhile, the 2nd to 7th instar larvae reared by F. microcarpahad the widest head capsule (the 1st instar larvae fed on F. altissimahad the widest head capsule). Besides, the survival rates of P. nudalarvae reared by F. microcarpaand F. altissimawere significantly higher than those of F. benjaminaand F. concinna. Furthermore, the female adults of P. nudalarvae feeding on the F. microcarpahad the longest lifespan, while the male adults feeding on F. altissimahad the longest lifespan. It was also showed that the female adult had the shortest pre-ovulation period, and the single female laid the most eggs. Finally, it was found that the larvae fed on F. microcarpaat the 1st to 4th instars preferred to feed on F. altissimaat the 5th instar, while the host preferences of 5th instar P. nudalarvae fed on other three banyan species were not obvious. ConclusionThere are significant differences in the preference and selectivity of P. nudato the four banyan species. F. microcarpaand F. altissimaare more suitable for the growth and development of P. nudathan F. benjaminaand F. concinna.

Key words:
• Perina nuda/
• Ficusspp./
• development period/
• survival rate/
• feeding preference

�?nbsp; 1不同榕树对榕透翅毒蛾幼虫和蛹存活率的影响

1L�?L�?L�?L�?L�?~8L分别�?龄�?龄�?龄�?龄�?龄�? ~ 8龄幼虫；PP. 蛹；TT. 总体。同组数据不同字母表示幼虫和蛹的存活率差异显著（P< 0.05）�?L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, and 6�?L mean 1st instar, 2nd instar, 3rd instar, 4th instar, 5th instar and 6th�?th instar, respectively; PP, pupa; TT, total. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in survival rates at larval and pupal stage between different banyan species (P< 0.05).

Figure 1.Effects of banyan species on the survival rates ofP. nudaduring larval and pupal stages

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�?nbsp; 1不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫和蛹发育历期

Table 1.Development period ofP. nudaat larval and pupal stages reared by different banyan species

发育阶段 Development stage	发育历期 Development period/d					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
1龄幼� 1st instar larva	4.880 ± 0.168b	6.470 ± 0.175a	5.940 ± 0.514a	6.320 ± 0.342a		8.855	3	< 0.001
2龄幼� 2nd instar larva	3.880 ± 0.149b	4.450 ± 0.176ab	5.000 ± 0.331a	4.930 ± 0.176a		5.073	3	0.003
3龄幼� 3rd instar larva	4.880 ± 0.200ab	4.690 ± 0.123b	5.690 ± 0.499a	5.800 ± 0.663a		3.225	3	0.027
4龄幼� 4th instar larva	4.940 ± 0.269a	4.170 ± 0.149a	4.750 ± 0.250a	4.700 ± 0.300a		2.302	3	0.083
5龄幼� 5th instar larva	4.830 ± 0.220a	4.520 ± 0.202a	4.500 ± 0.195a	4.800 ± 0.291a		0.581	3	0.629
6龄幼� 6th instar larva	4.880 ± 0.377a	4.680 ± 0.116a	5.330 ± 0.333a	4.900 ± 0.277a		0.763	3	0.519
7龄幼� 7th instar larva	5.250 ± 0.629ab	4.670 ± 0.211b	6.330 ± 0.333a	5.330 ± 0.373ab		5.364	3	0.004
8龄幼� 8th instar larva				5.670 ± 0.333
幼虫� Larval stage	28.070 ± 0.678c	31.570 ± 0.536b	36.750 ± 0.789a	38.600 ± 1.869a		29.434	3	< 0.001
蛹期 Pupal stage	8.320 ± 0.189a	8.290 ± 0.101a	8.420 ± 0.149a	8.560 ± 0.176a		0.389	3	0.761
注：同行不同小写字母表示不同榕树之间差异显著＇�i>P< 0.05）。同�? ~ 5�?。Notes: different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences in different banyan trees (P< 0.05). Same as Tab. 2�? and 7.

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�?nbsp; 2不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫体长

Table 2.Body length ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

发育阶段 Development stage	体长 Body length/mm					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
2龄幼� 2nd instar larva	4.476 ± 0.076a	4.087 ± 0.074b	3.580 ± 0.105c	3.921 ± 0.128b		16.508	3	< 0.001
3龄幼� 3rd instar larva	5.959 ± 0.119a	5.593 ± 0.216ab	5.036 ± 0.312bc	4.933 ± 0.181c		5.261	3	0.002
4龄幼� 4th instar larva	9.873 ± 0.303a	7.789 ± 0.278b	7.467 ± 0.368b	6.440 ± 0.223c		19.801	3	< 0.001
5龄幼� 5th instar larva	14.220 ± 0.531a	9.524 ± 0.336ab	11.120 ± 0.728ab	8.122 ± 0.504c		26.107	3	< 0.001
6龄幼� 6th instar larva	21.177 ± 0.654a	14.276 ± 0.626ab	13.783 ± 0.729ab	10.560 ± 0.531c		40.018	3	< 0.001
7龄幼� 7th instar larva	22.300 ± 1.944a	19.536 ± 0.825ab	17.300 ± 1.093bc	14.850 ± 1.017c		6.648	3	0.001
8龄幼� 8th instar larva				18.433 ± 1.323

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�?nbsp; 3不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫体质野�/p>

Table 3.Mass ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

发育阶段 Development stage	体质� Body mass/g					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
2龄幼� 2nd instar larva	0.001 5 ± 0.000 1a	0.001 1 ± 0.000 1b	0.001 0 ± 0.000 1bc	0.000 8 ± 0.000 10c		16.521	3	< 0.001
3龄幼� 3rd instar larva	0.005 1 ± 0.000 2a	0.003 2 ± 0.000 2b	0.002 6 ± 0.000 3bc	0.002 2 ± 0.000 2c		33.36	3	< 0.001
4龄幼� 4th instar larva	0.016 9 ± 0.001 0a	0.009 1 ± 0.000 6b	0.008 9 ± 0.001 9b	0.005 4 ± 0.000 5c		21.877	3	< 0.001
5龄幼� 5th instar larva	0.059 9 ± 0.004 8a	0.023 3 ± 0.001 7b	0.025 4 ± 0.005 2b	0.012 2 ± 0.001 7b		27.684	3	< 0.001
6龄幼� 6th instar larva	0.187 6 ± 0.141 9a	0.086 6 ± 0.007 9b	0.064 0 ± 0.013 1bc	0.031 2 ± 0.005 4c		30.315	3	< 0.001
7龄幼� 7th instar larva	0.216 9 ± 0.021 9a	0.174 3 ± 0.016 0ab	0.122 4 ± 0.015 5bc	0.087 8 ± 0.015 3c		8.198	3	< 0.001
8龄幼� 8th instar larva				0.139 9 ± 0.022 6

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�?nbsp; 4不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫排泄物质野�/p>

Table 4.Fecal mass ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

发育阶段 Development stage	粪质� Fecal mass/g					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
2龄幼� 2nd instar larva	0.006 9 ± 0.000 4a	0.006 9 ± 0.000 6a	0.006 3 ± 0.001 1a	0.003 2 ± 0.000 2b		7.268	3	< 0.001
3龄幼� 3rd instar larva	0.030 0 ± 0.002 5a	0.016 3 ± 0.001 1b	0.020 3 ± 0.005 2b	0.007 0 ± 0.000 7c		12.374	3	< 0.001
4龄幼� 4th instar larva	0.124 9 ± 0.014 2a	0.062 2 ± 0.005 9b	0.069 6 ± 0.017 5b	0.020 9 ± 0.003 7c		10.628	3	< 0.001
5龄幼� 5th instar larva	0.563 8 ± 0.055 6a	0.264 2 ± 0.033 4b	0.238 0 ± 0.073 4b	0.062 0 ± 0.008 9c		15.075	3	< 0.001
6龄幼� 6th instar larva	2.231 3 ± 0.237 4a	1.418 0 ± 0.191 3a	1.784 4 ± 0.601 8a	0.237 1 ± 0.055 4b		7.335	3	< 0.001
7龄幼� 7th instar larva	4.139 3 ± 0.368 5a	2.922 6 ± 0.277 3a	3.781 4 ± 0.587 9a	0.994 7 ± 0.276 8b		11.104	3	< 0.001
8龄幼� 8th instar larva				1.918 1 ± 0.369 8
幼虫� Larval stage	3.504 7 ± 0.267 1b	3.530 4 ± 0.219 7b	5.288 9 ± 0.457 1a	2.668 9 ± 0.263 4b		8.401	3	< 0.001

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�?nbsp; 5不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫头壳宽度

Table 5.Head capsule width ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

发育阶段 Development stage	头壳� Head capsule width/mm					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
1龄幼� 1st instar larva	0.463 3 ± 0.002 4c	0.472 9 ± 0.002 1a	0.464 5 ± 0.002 7bc	0.470 8 ± 0.001 9ab		4.581	3	0.006
2龄幼� 2nd instar larva	0.682 4 ± 0.005 9a	0.661 5 ± 0.004 5ab	0.656 3 ± 0.025 9ab	0.647 0 ± 0.129 2b		3.236	3	0.028
3龄幼� 3rd instar larva	1.105 5 ± 0.0173a	0.925 4 ± 0.019 0c	1.019 5 ± 0.062 6b	0.889 0 ± 0.023 0c		14.315	3	< 0.001
4龄幼� 4th instar larva	1.674 7 ± 0.033 0a	1.423 4 ± 0.027 7b	1.443 6 ± 0.099 0b	1.245 4 ± 0.070 8c		13.987	3	< 0.001
5龄幼� 5th instar larva	2.463 6 ± 0.055 5a	2.053 6 ± 0.045 3b	1.972 8 ± 0.119 3b	1.583 4 ± 0.082 0c		23.507	3	< 0.001
6龄幼� 6th instar larva	2.797 5 ± 0.1181a	2.656 4 ± 0.047 9ab	2.432 9 ± 0.113 3bc	2.232 2 ± 0.122 8c		5.804	3	0.003
7龄幼� 7th instar larva	3.270 7 ± 0.059 0a	2.999 5 ± 0.037 7b	2.855 7 ± 0.049 7bc	2.739 3 ± 0.132 7c		9.498	3	< 0.001

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�?nbsp; 6不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾幼虫头壳宽度回归方程

Table 6.Regression equation and coefficient of determination of head capsule width ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

寄主 Host	回归方程 Regression equation	R2
黄金�F. microcarpa	y= 0.004x6� 0.091 8x5+ 0.819 7x4� 3.645 5x3+ 8.536 9x2� 9.574 8x+ 4.414 9	0.969 7
高山�F. altissima	y= 0.000 8x5� 0.021 2x4+ 0.181 6x3� 0.593 4x2+ 0.987 4x� 0.082 2	0.970 6
小叶榔�i>F. concinna	y= 0.001 1x6� 0.026 7x5+ 0.249 3x4� 1.170 8x3+ 2.940 6x2� 3.417 7x+ 1.888 6	0.907 6
垂叶�F. benjamina	y= 0.000 3x6� 0.009 7x5+ 0.109 2x4� 0.590 3x3+ 1.643 5x2� 1.986 1x+ 1.304 7	0.936 6
注：x. 龄期：�i>y. 头壳宽度。Notes:x, instar;y, head capsule width.

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�?nbsp; 7不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾蛹的质量

Table 7.Pupal mass ofP. nudaat larval stages reared by different banyan species

性别 Sex	蛹质� Pupal mass/g					统计分析 Statistical analysis
	黄金�F. microcarpa	高山�F. altissima	小叶�F. concinna	垂叶�F. benjamina		F	df	P
雌虫 Female worm	0.254 0 ± 0.015 9a	0.230 9 ± 0.012 1ab	0.207 3 ± 0.008 1b	0.232 1 ± 0.018 6ab		2.489	3	0.076
雄虫 Male worm	0.157 1 ± 0.005 4a	0.138 4 ± 0.005 8bc	0.130 6 ± 0.003 5c	0.152 2 ± 0.003 3ab		5.360	3	0.004
总体 Total	0.219 4 ± 0.016 4a	0.184 7 ± 0.012 0ab	0.161 8 ± 0.007 8b	0.195 8 ± 0.016 0ab		4.262	3	0.008

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�?nbsp; 8不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾成虫寿命、预卵期和产卵量

Table 8.Adult longevity, pre-ovulation period and egg production ofP. nudareared by different banyan species

寄主 Host	雌虫寿命 Female worm longevity/d	雄虫寿命 Male worm longevity/d	预卵朞�br/> Pre-ovulation period/d	产卵野�br/> Egg production
黄金�F. microcarpa	11.13 ± 0.99a	8.83 ± 1.05ab	3.87 ± 0.46a	182.13 ± 18.22ab
高山�F. altissima	9.54 ± 0.42a	10.07 ± 0.41a	3.21 ± 0.47a	226.14 ± 30.05a
小叶�F. concinna	9.71 ± 0.68a	7.20 ± 0.58b	3.80 ± 1.02a	107.43 ± 32.94bc
垂叶�F. benjamina	9.60 ± 0.60a	8.25 ± 0.63ab	4.50 ± 0.50a	85.00 ± 40.52c
统计分析 Statistical analysis	F= 0.972,P= 0.416	F= 3.823,P= 0.022	F= 0.664,P= 0.580	F= 4.326,P= 0.010
注：同一列数据不同小写字母表示差异显著（P< 0.05）。同�?~12。Notes: different lowercase letters in the same column of data indicate significant differences (P< 0.05). Same as Tab. 9�?2.

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�?nbsp; 9不同榕树饲养的榕透翅毒蛾第二代卵历期和孵化率

Table 9.Incubation period and hatching rate of the second generation ofP. nudareared by different banyan species

寄主 Host	卵历� Incubation period/d	孵化率Hatching rate/%
黄金�F. microcarpa	8.40 ± 0.245a	60.358 0 ± 5.982a
高山�F. altissima	9.17 ± 0.477a	59.643 3 ± 8.104a
小叶�F. concinna	8.33 ± 0.333a	49.786 7 ± 16.300a
垂叶�F. benjamina	8.80 ± 0.374a	51.605 0 ± 15.942a
统计分析 Statistical analysis	F= 0.950,P= 0.442	F= 0.442,P= 0.872

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�?nbsp; 10取食经历对榕透翅毒蛾5龄幼虫不同寄�?20 min取食量的影响

Table 10.Effects of feeding experience on 120 min feeding intake of the 5th instar larvae ofP. nuda g

5龄幼虫取食寄为�br/> 5th instar larval feeding host	1 ~ 4龄取食黄金榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. microcarpa	1 ~ 4龄取食高山榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. altissima	1 ~ 4龄取食小叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. concinna	1 ~ 4龄取食垂叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. benjamina	总体 Total
黄金榔�br/>F. microcarpa	0.004 2 ± 0.001 9b	0.005 1 ± 0.002 9a	0.002 7 ± 0.000 7a	0.011 8 ± 0.005 6a	0.005 9 ± 0.001 7a
高山榔�br/>F. altissima	0.019 6 ± 0.001 5a	0.006 4 ± 0.002 2a	0.002 3 ± 0.001 2a	0.003 4 ± 0.001 0a	0.008 4 ± 0.001 9a
小叶榔�br/>F. concinna	0.004 1 ± 0.002 1b	0.005 1 ± 0.001 7a	0.008 2 ± 0.002 8a	0.010 9 ± 0.000 2a	0.006 5 ± 0.001 1a
垂叶榔�br/>F. benjamina	0.009 6 ± 0.005 3b	0.000 9 ± 0.000 5a	0.003 7 ± 0.002 6a	0.008 5 ± 0.000 8a	0.006 0 ± 0.001 3a
P	< 0.001	0.422	0.170	0.368	0.629

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�?nbsp; 11取食经历对榕透翅毒蛾5龄幼�?20 min相对摄入指数的影哌�/p>

Table 11.Effects of feeding experience on the 120 min relative ingestion index of the 5th instar larvae ofP. nuda

5龄幼虫取食寄为�br/> 5th instar larval feeding host	1 ~ 4龄取食黄金榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. microcarpa	1 ~ 4龄取食高山榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. altissima	1 ~ 4龄取食小叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. concinna	1 ~ 4龄取食垂叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. benjamina	总体 Total
黄金榔�br/>F. microcarpa	0.103 8 ± 0.019 2b	0.094 0 ± 0.040 3a	0.109 8 ± 0.022 2a	0.180 7 ± 0.123 9a	0.122 1 ± 0.031 1a
高山榔�br/>F. altissima	0.169 8 ± 0.015 0a	0.123 3 ± 0.022 5a	0.107 5 ± 0.038 3a	0.084 0 ± 0.017 6a	0.125 3 ± 0.014 3a
小叶榔�br/>F. concinna	0.065 8 ± 0.014 4b	0.161 9 ± 0.029 5a	0.103 0 ± 0.034 6a	0.059 4 ± 0.016 4a	0.101 7 ± 0.015 8a
垂叶榔�br/>F. benjamina	0.101 4 ± 0.012 5b	0.090 5 ± 0.038 2a	0.126 0 ± 0.033 7a	0.055 6 ± 0.009 3a	0.093 6 ± 0.013 0a
P	0.002	0.386	0.968	0.574	0.614

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�?nbsp; 12取食经历对榕透翅毒蛾5龄幼�?20 min取食面积的影哌�/p>

Table 12.Effects of feeding experience on the 120 min feeding area of the 5th instar larvae ofP. nuda cm ²

5龄幼虫取食寄� 5th instar larval feeding host	1 ~ 4龄取食黄金榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. microcarpa	1 ~ 4龄取食高山榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. altissima	1 ~ 4龄取食小叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. concinna	1 ~ 4龄取食垂叶榕幼虫 1st to 4th instar larva reared byF. benjamina	总体 Total
黄金� F. microcarpa	0.470 8 ± 0.057 3b	0.237 9 ± 0.096 0a	0.182 1 ± 0.065 5a	0.045 4 ± 0.004 1a	0.234 1 ± 0.049 1a
高山� F. altissima	0.949 3 ± 0.092 0a	0.181 1 ± 0.046 9a	0.133 9 ± 0.027 7a	0.032 1 ± 0.004 3a	0.356 5 ± 0.094 0a
小叶� F. concinna	0.407 9 ± 0.111 4b	0.132 8 ± 0.041 0a	0.176 4 ± 0.056 8a	0.073 6 ± 0.026 9a	0.213 5 ± 0.047 4a
垂叶� F. benjamina	0.926 1 ± 0.143 4a	0.195 7 ± 0.066 0a	0.196 9 ± 0.095 3a	0.067 5 ± 0.020 6a	0.356 6 ± 0.102 3a
P	0.003	0.683	0.891	0.347	0.397

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