摘要: 目的生态输水工程实施后，胡杨种群得到了一定的恢复，但恢复效果远不如与其生态位高度重叠的多枝柽柳显著。本研究拟探讨不同土壤水盐环境下，胡杨种群的适应优势是否受到多枝柽柳伴生的影响，以期为胡杨林的保护管理和绿洲生态输水方案制定提供科学参考、�/sec> 方法本研究以西北干旱区河岸林群落的关键建群种胡杨和多枝柽柳为研究对象，选取目前野外常见的两种土壤水盐生境（相对高水高盐和水盐适中），分析两个物种种群空间分布及其与水盐的相互关系、�/sec> 结果�?）在相对高水高盐的环境中，胡杨种群呈现衰退趋势，幼龄木极少且更新受限，而多枝柽柳则表现稳定状态。水盐适中的环境中，胡杨种群结构稳定，各龄级相差不大，多枝柽柳种群则表现为增长趋势。（2）不同土壤水盐条件下，两个物种主要以聚集分布为主以抵抗不良环境的胁迫，胡杨幼苗的生长还会受多枝柽柳伴生抑制。（3）不同的土壤水盐条件会造成两物种多度的差异。多枝柽柳与胡杨种群个体数的比值均与盐分呈正相关，但在盐分含量不高时，随水分的增加，多枝柽柳种群个体数量减少，胡杨种群个体数量则增多、�/sec> 结论本研究结果进一步验证：除环境过滤作用外，多枝柽柳的竞争也是目前胡杨在演替过程中表现出衰退现象的一个重要因素。在高盐环境中多枝柽柳会逐渐取代胡杨，水分条件的改善可以减缓这种趋势的发生、�/sec>

关键诌�
• 土壤水盐/
• 胡杨/
• 多枝柽柳/
• 种间竞争

Abstract: ObjectiveThe population of Populus euphraticarecovered to a certain extent following the ecological water conveyance project, but its restoration result was far less significant than for Tamarix ramosissima, which overlaped its ecological niche. To provide scientific reference for protecting and managing P. euphraticaforests and developing ecological water conveyance projects in oases, this study explored whether the adaptability advantages of P. euphraticapopulation were affected by symbiosis with T. ramosissimain different soil water and salinity environments. Method P. euphraticaand T. ramosissimaforests in the arid area in northwestern China were selected as the key constructive species of riparian forest communities, and two common soil water and salinity habitats with high and moderate soil moisture and salinity were established as a means of analysing the spatial distribution of both species and their relationships with saline water. Result(1) In an environment with relatively high water and salt content, the P. euphraticapopulation demonstrated a declining trend, with relatively few young woods and a limited amount of regeneration, whereas the T. ramosissimapopulation was stable. The population structure of P. euphraticawas found to be stable with little difference between each age class, whereas T. ramosissimawas found to have a growing population. (2) In different salt and water environment, both species were mainly distributed in aggregation as a means of resisting the stress of an adverse environment, and P. euphraticaseedling growth was inhibited by T. ramosissima.(3) Different soil water and salinity environments resulted in differences in the abundance of both species. The ratio of T. ramosissimato P. euphraticawas found to have a positive correlation with salinity, but as the water content increased, the number of T. ramosissimadecreased and P. euphraticaincreased with lower salt content. ConclusionThe results further verify that competition is an important factor for the decline of P. euphraticaduring the succession process, with the exception of environmental filtering. T. ramosissimawill gradually replace P. euphraticain high-salt habitats, but the improvement of water conditions could slow down the occurrence of this trend.

Key words:
• soil water and salinity/
• Populus euphratica/
• Tamarix ramosissima/
• interspecific competition

�?nbsp; 1胡杨胸径和多枝柽柳株高的概率密度曲线

Figure 1.Probability density function ofDBH ofPopulus euphraticaand plant height (PH) ofTamarix ramosissima

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 2两个样地胡杨和多枝柽柳点格局

Figure 2.Spatial point patterns ofPopulus euphraticaandTamarix ramosissimain two sample plots

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�?nbsp; 3两个样地胡杨和多枝柽柳空间分布散点图

Figure 3.Scatter plot of spatial distribution ofPopulus euphraticaandTamarix ramosissima

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 4两个样地多枝柽柳和胡杨个体数比倻�/p>

不同小写字母表示样地间差异显著（P< 0.05）。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between sample plots (P< 0.05).

Figure 4.Ratio of individual numbers ofTamarix ramosissimaandPopulus euphraticain two sample plots

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 5两个样地不同水盐胡杨和多枝柽柳个体数比倻�/p>

Figure 5.Ratios of individual numbers ofPopulus euphraticaandTamarix ramosissimain different soil water and salt conditions in two sample plots

下载: 全尺寸图牆�/a> 幻灯牆�/a>

�?nbsp; 1两个调查样地的生境特�?/p>

Table 1.Habitat characteristics of the two survey sample plots

生境特征 Habitat characteristics	二道� Erdaoqiao	七道� Qidaoqiao
经纬� Longitude and latitude	101°05�?0″E�?1°58�?6″N	101°13�?3″E�?2°00�?3″N
海拔 Altitude/m	942	931
地下水埋� Groundwater depth/m	1.30	1.96
距河道距� Distance from river channel/m	5	20
主要伴生� Main companion species	多枝柽柳Tamarix ramosissima 冰草Agropyron cristatum 苦豆�Sophora alopecuroides 芨芨�Achnatherum splendens	多枝柽柳T. ramosissima 苦豆�S. alopecuroides
土壤类型和状� Soil type and condition	壤土 Loam 含水� Water content ((9.01 ± 2.78)% )a 电导� Electrical conductivity ((1.57 ± 1.78) ms/cm )a	壤土、沙� Loam, sandy soil 含水� Water content ((17.16 ± 3.21)%)b 电导� Electrical conductivity ((0.48 ± 0.15) ms/cm)b
其他 Others	具有明显的季节性洪水漫溢过� With obvious seasonal flood overflow process	� None
注：不同小写字母表示样地间差异显著（P< 0.05）。Note: different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among sample plots (P< 0.05).

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�?nbsp; 2水分、盐分及不同样地对胡杨、多枝柽柳物种组成和生长的影响（三因素方差分析）

Table 2.Effects of water, salinity and different land on species composition and growth ofPopulus euphraticaandTamarix ramosissima(three-factor analysis of variance)

因子及因子交互作�?br/>Factors and factor interaction	df	多枝柽柳与胡杨个体数比倻�br/>Ratio of individual numbers of T.ramosissimaandP. euphratica	胡杨胸径 DBH ofP. euphratica	多枝柽柳株高 PH ofT. ramosissima
盐分 Salinity	2	1.366	5.075*	6.772**
水分 Water	2	3.668	4.085*	1.622
样地 Sample plot	1	0.934	0.086	13.249**
盐分 × 水分 Salinity × water	4	4.549*	7.406**	3.035
盐分 × 样地 Salinity × sample plot	2	0.247	6.943**	2.195
水分 × 样地 Water × sample plot	2	0.582	2.876	5.311*
盐分 × 水分 × 样地 Salinity × water × sample plot	1	1	4.639*	1.380
注：**表示极显著相兲�i>P< 0.01＋�sup>*表示显著相关P< 0.05。Notes:**means extremely significant atP< 0.01 level,*means significant correlation atP< 0.05 level.

下载: 导出CSV

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